ISRO's AstroSat detects unusual solar activity in deep space: All about the neutron star 'Magnetar'

Produced by: Tarun Mishra Designed by: Manoj Kumar

ISRO's breakthrough discovery

Indian Space Research Organisation's (ISRO) AstroSat, the first multi-wavelength space-based observatory, has detected 67 bright pulses of energy originating from deep space.

Magnetar

The bursts were traced to a newly identified neutron star known as a Magnetar, shedding light on the unique astrophysical conditions surrounding these celestial bodies.

Distinctive neutron star

The Magnetar, a special type of neutron star, possesses ultrahigh magnetic fields exceeding Earth's by over one quadrillion times, driving the emission of high-energy electromagnetic radiation.

AstroSat's role

Researchers from the Raman Research Institute and the University of Delhi utilized AstroSat's instruments, the Large Area X-Ray Proportional Counter (LAXPC) and Soft X-Ray telescope (SXT), to conduct timing and spectral analysis.

Swift spacecraft discovery

The Magnetar under study, named SGR J1830-0645, was initially discovered by NASA's Swift spacecraft in October 2020, prompting further investigation by the Indian research team.

X-ray burst characteristics

The study revealed 67 short sub-second X-ray bursts, with the brightest lasting approximately 90 milliseconds, providing insights into the Magnetar's emission properties.

Published research

The findings, published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, concluded that SGR J1830–0645 is a unique Magnetar displaying distinctive emission lines in its spectra.

Emission line origins

The research team is currently exploring the origins of emission lines, considering possibilities such as iron fluorescence, proton cyclotron line features, or instrumental effects.

Energy-dependence variation

Notably, the energy-dependence in SGR J1830-0645 differed from other magnetars, featuring two thermal blackbody emission components originating from the neutron star's surface.

Future research plans

Looking ahead, the research team aims to expand their study to unravel the origin of these highly energetic emissions, determining whether they stem from astrophysical phenomena or instrumental influences. The discovery contributes significantly to our understanding of magnetars and the extreme realms of astrophysics.