Oil, Sanctions And Strategy: Pakistan’s Russia Pivot Explained

Pakistan is exploring a deeper energy partnership with Russia, with talks underway on oil exploration, refining and long-term supply agreements. Islamabad is seeking cheaper and more reliable energy, while Moscow is looking for new markets amid Western sanctions. Discussions include upgrading a Pakistani refinery and possible Russian investment in downstream infrastructure, as well as cooperation beyond oil, including steel production. The move raises wider geopolitical questions, particularly over whether the United States will apply sanctions pressure on Pakistan similar to India. China’s quiet backing of closer Pakistan–Russia ties adds another layer, potentially reshaping regional alignments and complicating India’s long-standing relationship with Moscow.